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RICHARDSON.

Patented June 1o', 1851;

|||| lllllll I N j 'UNITED STATES j PATENTOFFICE. y

i. I. s. RICHAnDsoNQMoF BosToN,"MAssAcHusErTs.

CHURN. A1

` .s `Spec-n'iation of Letters Patent No. 8,146`,;`dated June 10,1851. l l

To all whom may concern Be it known that I, ITHLEL `S.` Riemann- SON, of Boston,in the county of Suifolkand Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have" in-` vented a new and useful Improvement in the Churn, denominated the OscillatingV Perpendicular Dash Churn; and I `do hereby declare, the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference beingl had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification. n n

`The parts in the drawing, marked by the letter A, are the standards, 2- by1-12- inches square and four feet long, fastened together at thetop, spreading 3% feet at the bottom The letter B1 designates the i parts of `a frame fastened to the standards on the outside, for the purpose of steadying the same.

C indicates the parts of the swing or pendulum-frame, whichis made of three pieces of board, one 12 by 16 inches square, is fastened to the lower ends of the two upright 'pieces which are 2 inches wide at top, and

4: inches wide at bottom. These `upright pieces hang from a rod which passes through `them near their tops, and also through the standards, at the parts where they unite at top, @to which the letter D has reference. The rod D hasin its middle portion a bend (somewhat like the letter U placed between two horizontallines, which meet its upper parts) which bend Vis represented by the Figure 3, of the drawing, and is made for the purpose of permittingthe movement ofthe parts marked Fand G, to be hereinafter w described. i n

The letter E refers to the tank or cistern for containing the cream or milk, and is suspended in the `pendulum frame C.` The dash stick F, is coupled with the lever Gr by means of a pin, which is shown inthe Fig. 3 in a manner that needs no reference. The other end of the lever -G is firmly fixed in the middleof the rock shaft pointed out by the letter. H, which rock shaft has its bearings or points of support in the upperlextremities of the two diagonal frame cross pieces marked with the letter I. These cross pieces, are fastened on the outside of the supportersor standards and with them and the parts marked B constitute the xed frame ofthe apparatus. Near one end of the rock shaft is firmly fixed another lever marked J, which extends perpendicularly head ofwhich isshown in the drawingi The connecting rod is also coupled at itsother extremity, fwith` one of the upright ypieces down to the connecting rod marked with V which it `is coupled bymeans `of a pin, the

of the swing C by a similar pin, both pins being `movable for the purpose of making connection higher or lower, as shown by dotted lines Figs. land 2.* The parts Gr` H J *togetherare a` bent lever, the extremity of G moving vertically and the "extremity of J 'movingghorizontally, the fulcrum being inthe bearings of H. f i l L marks a rodi" coupled with the lower part of the swing, by meansofa hook and handor otherwise, tothe swing C. The motion of the swing is communicated fromone of its upright pieces, through theconnecting rod K to the bent lever Gr I-I J, which changing the motion `from horizontal to vertical, communicates itto the dashstick F, which dash stick mayhave greaterorless extentl of motion given it,v by raisingor lowering the coupling between thelever J and connecting rod K, orby lowering or raising the coupling between the connecting f rod K and the upright partof the swingC.` The parts in Figs. 1, 2, and 8, of thedrawing, that are letteredsimilarly are the same.

. `Staple`,for communicating motion from the and set upright `in pairsl inches apart: e

Fig. l exhibits a side elevationof the appathe `framethat were obscured in Fig. 1, and

one ofthe `upright piecesof the" swing C;

exhibiting also a section of the rod D, the `tank E, the bottom part of the swing C, the

dash stick F, and appendages to be hereinafter described; but in other respects Figs. l and 2 are alike in all parts described. In the description of the rod D,reference has beenmade to Fig. 8, which represents the rod D in its relation to other parts, as seen by looking down upon the top of the apparatus.

The parts remaining to be described, as seen in Fig. 2, are as follows: M the dasher,

is securely fixed at the lower end of the dash stick F. N a false bott/omi, perforated with a number of holes as shown in the section of Fig. 2 is secured in its place bya movable is inserted a perforated plug having a valve at its inner end as shown at Q. R refers to the shoulder on the inside of the tank near its top on which the cover rests.

y rPhe following is the manner in which the above described apparatus operates. All the part-s being n situ, the material to be acted upon is poured into the tank, over which the cover is placed. The hand holding the rod L communicates a backward and forward motion to thev swing, which motion the swing, communicates from one of its upright parts, through the connecting rod K to the arm J of the bent lever VvGr H J, which bent lever, from its arm G, gives the motion to the dash stick F, and by reference to the drawing, it will be seen that as the movement of the swing is to the left, the dash stick raises, and as the movement of the swing is to the right the dash stick falls. At each elevation of the dash stick, the cavity therein is increased, by its being drawn away from the staff P, and to prevent a vacuum being formed in the cavity (thereby retarding the motion) the air is permitted to enter the perforated plug at Q, and as the dash-stick is depressed, the valve operates to retain the air therein, and as its space is diminished by the falling of the dasher, it escapes downward along the space in the cylindrical cavity, in the dash stick around the staff P, where, by its elasticity, its presence under the dasher prevents the tendency to vacuum consequent t-o the succeeding upward motion of the dasher. In the top of the dash stick E, may be 2 or more holes, for the purpose of inserting the coupling pin that connects the dash stick and lever G, in order to bring the dasher nearer the bottom of the tank, to kaccommodate the capacity of the apparatus to a smaller quantity of material; and in such case in order to confine the movements of the dasher to the limits of the material to be acted on, the coupling between the connecting rod K, and the lever J, may be put lower, or the coupling that unites the other end of the connecting rod with the upright part of the swing, may be put higher; either or both of which adjustments may be made to shorten the motion of the dasher, if there be need. l

Having effected the desired changes upon the contents of the tank, the rod L may be unhooked, the coupling pin at the top of the dash stick, that connects it to the lever G, may bev taken out, and the tank with its contents removed -from the swing to a` more accessible position. The coverr being now taken off, permits the removal of the dasher. The wedge O being withdrawn, frees the false bottom N, which by taking hold of the staff P, may be drawn slowly upward, bringing with it the butter, permitting the buttermilk to drain back into the tank through the perforations mentioned in the previous description of the false bottom N; and in this capacity the false bottom N, may be considered a strainer, for separating the butter from the buttermilk.

Now, what l claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

The combination of the rock shaft, levers, connecting rod, and swing for the churn, for the purpose of producing the perpendicular movement of the dasher substan` I. s. RICHARDSON.

Witnesses:

J. F. MOORE, Gmo. PHIPPEN. 

